Olhar fenomenológico e existencial aplicado a dependência do álcool

Abstract

Alcohol dependence is configured as a complex phenomenon, crossed by biological, social, emotional, and existential dimensions. Although the biomedical model remains predominant, its reductionist perspective limits a comprehensive understanding of the subject, disregarding subjective and historical aspects. In this context, the phenomenological and existential approach emerges as a possibility to broaden the comprehension of this phenomenon, valuing the human being in their condition of being-in-the-world, in constant relation with themselves, with others, and with the environment. This study aims to analyze, through a literature review, how the phenomenological and existential perspective understands alcohol dependence, seeking to contribute to a more integral view of the subject. It is concluded that alcohol dependence cannot be reduced to a biological phenomenon, but must be understood as an existential experience marked by suffering and anguish. The phenomenological and existential perspective allows for an expanded understanding of this phenomenon, overcoming the biomedical model and fostering more humanized and integral care practices that acknowledge the uniqueness of the subject in their mode of existence. Keywords: Alcohol, Psychology, Phenomenology