Estudo hematologico de anisocitose com base nos parâmetros RDW e VCM na população do estado de Goiás

Abstract

Red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from body tissues. A deficiency of these cells, characterized by a reduced number of erythrocytes in the blood, can be assessed through hematocrit and hemoglobin parameters, whose values vary according to age and sex. The analysis of these components, performed through a complete blood count (CBC), is essential for the diagnosis and monitoring of hematological disorders such as anemias. Erythrocytes may exhibit variations in size, a process known as anisocytosis, which, when pronounced, may indicate pathological conditions such as impaired iron mobilization or malnutrition. The Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a hematological parameter that quantifies the variation in size and distribution of red blood cells and is widely used to determine anisocytosis. METHODS: This is a retrospective and quantitative study composed of patients attended at the Clinical Laboratory of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás (PUC-GO), an institution that provides services to the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Samples from patients who presented anisocytosis based on the RDW factor, collected between January and December 2024, were analyzed. The aim of this study is to conduct an epidemiological analysis of anisocytosis, considering the RDW and MCV parameters of the patients evaluated.