IMUNOSSENESCÊNCIA E O ENVELHECIMENTO DA PELE: IMPACTOS NO SISTEMA IMUNOLÓGICO CUTÂNEO E ESTRATÉGIAS DE INTERVENÇÃO

Abstract

Skin aging is a multifactorial process involving structural, functional, and immunological changes, strongly influenced by immunosenescence—the progressive decline of immune function associated with aging. This phenomenon impairs the skin’s immune response, increasing susceptibility to infections, chronic inflammation, and neoplasms. Persistent low-grade inflammation, known as inflammaging, combined with oxidative stress, accelerates the degradation of dermal fibers, contributing to wrinkles, sagging, and loss of elasticity. This study, through a literature review, investigated the main immunological alterations related to cutaneous aging and the most effective intervention strategies to mitigate these effects. Topical treatments such as antioxidants, retinoids, exfoliating acids, and sunscreens were addressed, along with aesthetic procedures and immunomodulatory interventions such as probiotics, vitamin D, and collagen supplementation. The importance of a healthy lifestyle was also emphasized, focusing on smoking cessation, stress management, and adequate sleep. It is concluded that the adoption of integrated strategies, both preventive and therapeutic, can delay the effects of immunosenescence on the skin, promoting cutaneous health and quality of life during aging. Keywords: Immunosenescence. Skin aging. Inflammaging. Aesthetic interventions. Immune system.