EFEITOS TERAPÊUTICOS DO CANABIDIOL (CBD): UMA REVISÃO SOBRE O USO NO TRATAMENTO DA FIBROMIALGIA

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol (CBD) as a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of fibromyalgia through a systematic review of the literature. Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by chronic musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and cognitive impairment, with a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. A total of 51 studies published between 2004 and 2024 were included, selected from the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases, following PRISMA guidelines. Findings showed that 82.1% of the studies reported positive therapeutic effects of CBD, particularly in reducing chronic pain, improving sleep quality, and managing anxiety. In 4% of the articles, CBD was found to be more effective than placebo. Approximately 12% reported mild to moderate adverse effects, such as drowsiness and nausea, while 1.9% found no significant difference between CBD and placebo. The beneficial effects of CBD are attributed to its multifactorial action on the endocannabinoid system and receptors such as 5-HT1A and TRPV1, which are involved in the modulation of pain, inflammation, and mood. The sublingual route was the most commonly used, with dosages individually adjusted. Despite its therapeutic potential, methodological limitations, high cost, and regulatory barriers still restrict the clinical use of CBD. It is concluded that CBD represents a promising complementary alternative for the management of fibromyalgia, although more robust clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.