Benefícios do ortostatismo para pessoas com paralisia cerebral: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is one of the most common causes of motor disability in children. Risk factors can be divided into preconception; prenatal; perinatal and postnatal. The clinical picture of cerebral palsy is characterized mainly by movement and posture disorders, resulting in motor function impairment. Objective: To analyze the effects of the orthostatic position in people with cerebral palsy classified as levels II, III, IV and V of the GMFCS. Methods: This is an integrative review. The search was carried out in the Virtual Health Library (BVS), Scielo, and in the United States National Library of Medicine (PubMED), using the descriptors: “cerebral palsy”, “patient positioning”, “orthostatic position”, “assistive technology” and “hip monitoring”. Results: At the beginning of the search, 443 articles were identified, and the title, descriptors and abstract were read. Six of them were selected for this review. Discussion: In the standing posture program for people with cerebral palsy, it was possible to identify multiple improvements such as better social interaction in the school and family environment; improved head control and swallowing, free evacuation and decreased pain when evacuating, improvement in the phases of gait, benefits in hip asymmetry, thus avoiding subluxations and dislocations completely and presents a greater oxygen consumption. Conclusion: The effects of the orthostatic position for people with cerebral palsy show us that higher postures generate several benefits and therefore it is important that physiotherapists have knowledge so that during the implementation of their protocol they can better guide patients regarding the importance of the orthostatic position both in the school and family environment.