Intercorrência de ptose palpebral na utilização de toxina botulínica em procedimentos estéticos faciais

Abstract

Introduction: Aesthetic procedures have a favorable impact on individuals' self-esteem, self-perception, and social and interpersonal interactions, contributing to improving their quality of life. The main aesthetic procedure performed worldwide is the application of botulinum toxin type A (BT-A), with more than 6.2 million injections of this substance performed in 2020. An important side effect is eyelid ptosis, which is characterized as the drooping of the upper eyelid, covering the cornea and affecting vision. It is a common complication that arises in the treatment of the frontalis muscle to address horizontal lines on the forehead. Objective: To conduct an integrative review of the literature on the occurrence of eyelid ptosis in aesthetic procedures using botulinum toxin type A. Methods: This is an integrative review of the literature, prepared based on the PRISMA model. Results: The studies adopted in this research showed that the occurrence of eyelid ptosis due to the use of TBA is low in frequency, but deserves attention, since it is an uncomfortable situation for the patient and requires appropriate management, whether with the application of eye drops or other resolving alternatives such as a second application of TBA and even the indication of acupuncture. Conclusion: It is essential that health professionals seek continuous training on ideal methodologies and the most recent scientific discoveries to ensure the safety and efficacy of aesthetic executions in relation to the application of TBA. Although eyelid ptosis is an inherent problem of the procedure, the dangers are minimized and the advantages are maximized with a personalized and cautious approach.