UM DIFÍCIL ADOLESCER: ESTUDO NARRATIVO SOBRE O SUICÍDIO NA ADOLESCÊNCIA

Abstract

Introduction: Between 2012 and 2021, Brazil recorded a significant increase in adolescent suicides, with data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) indicating 8,391 deaths in the 15 to 19 age group and 1,563 deaths among 10 to 14-year-olds. Objective: To identify the factors that influence adolescent suicide. Methodology: Narrative literature review, utilizing databases such as BVS (Virtual Health Library) and PubMed (Public Publisher Medline). The temporal cut-off was from 2018 to 2023. Results: Factors contributing to mental distress and increased suicide risk in adolescents include cyberbullying, depression, romantic failures, bullying, academic pressure, traumatic experiences, low self-esteem, family and social conflicts, sexual abuse, and substance use. The virtual environment exacerbates these issues, negatively influencing adolescents' mental health and self-destructive behaviors. Promoting mental and physical health in adolescence is crucial to preventing conflicts and irreversible losses, highlighting the importance of implementing public policies. Considerations:The complexity and multifactorial nature of adolescent suicide were identified, emphasizing the need for integrated and multidisciplinary approaches. Various public policies exist to prevent suicide and self-harm, including awareness programs and educational campaigns, but there is a need to expand access to mental health services.