Contribuições para prevenção e tratamento da úlcera de Marjolin: estudo de revisão

Abstract

Marjolin's Ulcer (MU) refers to a skin tumor classified as Squamous Cell Carcinoma. The neoplastic transformation occurs from a burn scar, however, it can manifest in chronic ulcers, fistulas and other types of scars by second intention. Objective: Analyze publications on interventions carried out by the multiprofessional health team for the prevention and treatment of Marjolin's ulcer. Method: This work is a narrative review of the literature, which aims to elaborate the research question and search for evidence. Results and Discussion: The gold standard for prevention of MUs is early diagnosis through biopsy, in addition to follow-up and team guidance on burn scars. The most used treatment is surgery, the main ones being graft and amputation. The nursing team can act in the care of the lesion with cleaning products (PHMB) and treatment with plumb foam. Matriderm is a good choice for post-grafted wounds. Conclusion: The nurse, as an effective member of the multiprofessional team, can act in this condition through educational actions and clarification for patients and family members who have suffered a burn injury. This professional is able to differentiate UM from other lesions, recommending, if necessary, a biopsy. With early recognition, the chance of poor prognosis decreases and survival increases. In addition, treating the lesion with the appropriate products reduces symptoms and improves the patient's quality of life.