Contribuições da equipe de enfermagem no tratamento de feridas neoplásicas: estudo de revisão

Abstract

Neoplastic wounds do not present a good prognosis due to their severity, besides having limited treatment options, since they are linked to advanced neoplasms and with very low chances of cure. Thus, it is up to the nurse to evaluate and treat the neoplastic lesion taking into consideration the physical, psychological, social, spiritual, and family dimensions of the individual, in order to improve his or her quality of life during the last days of life. Objective: To evaluate the actions performed by the nursing team in the treatment of patients with neoplastic lesions, published in the national and international literature. Method: This work is a narrative review of literature, which aims to elaborate the research question and search for evidence. Results and Discussion: The main problems in patients with oncologic wounds are centered on foul odor, exudate, pain, and bleeding. The nurse should act to control the signs and symptoms through the use of appropriate dressings such as charcoal and metronidazole for odor, calcium alginate for exudate, lidocaine for pain, and compression for bleeding. It is also reinforced that good post-discharge hospital guidelines improve the patient's quality of life and reduce hospital recidivism. Continuing education is one of the main strategies for improving care and qualifying nursing care, due to the scarcity of guidelines on the subject in undergraduate courses. Conclusion: We conclude that it is essential that nurses work in the field of health promotion, offering the necessary information to patients with neoplastic wounds and qualifying themselves to offer the best treatment to this public.