Avaliação da eficácia e durabilidade da vacina anti HPV nos diferentes esquemas vacinais: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

HPV is the etiological agent of a considerable part of cervical cancer and genital warts, mainly HPV types 6, 11 16 and 18. Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth leading neoplasm among women and, when considering less developed countries with lower incomes, cervical cancer is in the second position. Three effective immunizers have been developed to prevent HPV-related infections and lesions; however, compliance with the full vaccination schedule is not always observed. It is believed that the number of doses is a major factor for this low adherence. In this sense, the aim of this study was to verify whether the reduced dose schedule presents an efficacy and durability comparable to the extended schedule. This is a systematic literature review of the literature comprising a search strategy of PubMed, SciELO, and VHL databases, using the following keywords and Boolean operators: HPV vaccine AND single dose; HPV vaccine AND different schedules; HPV vaccine AND two doses, and employing the filters Clinical Trial and articles published in the last 5 years. A total of 54 articles were retrieved, 12 of those were eligible according to the inclusion criteria. The results demonstrated a considerable similarity between the efficacy of the vaccine schemes analyzed and the promising potential of the reduced schemes, especially regarding developing countries.