Os efeitos terapêuticos do treinamento de marcha em esteira com uso do suporte parcial de peso em crianças com paralesia cerebral espática: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is the most common cause of motor impairment in childhood, with an estimated prevalence of 2.1 per 1000 live births. Gait acquisition is fundamental in the rehabilitation of individuals with spastic diparetic cerebral palsy. Thus, there is a need to analyze interventions aimed at the functional empowerment of these individuals. Objectives: To observe, through the scientific literature, the effects of gait training with the use of partial weight support in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methodology: This is a review of scientific literature, covering the databases indexed in the VHL (virtual health library), PubMed, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Data base) and Physical Therapy Journal, with articles in Portuguese and English. The inclusion criteria were randomized and non-randomized studies, pilot studies, having a title, abstract and full text that fits the theme of spastic cerebral palsy and rehabilitation with the use of partial weight support. Articles that did not principal address the theme were excluded. Results: Nine articles were used for the preparation of the work, in which there was a significant improvement in the transfer of sitting and standing, ortho-statism, in gait, with emphasis on stride length and speed. Conclusion: After analyzing the scientific evidence, it was concluded that the use of a treadmill with partial weight support is beneficial in gait training for patients with cerebral palsy, showing significant improvement in gait speed and functionality. However, based on the analysis of the results of experimental studies in the researched literature, it was observed that the results of ground training and suspension training are more positive than training performed on a treadmill. It is concluded that studies of longer duration and with a greater number of weekly sessions tend to obtain better results, especially when looking for an improvement in the static and dynamic balance, and in the development of the individuals' gait phases.