Gestão estratégica e financeira das companhias aéreas e seus desafios em meio as crises

Abstract

This article discusses about the business management of Brazilian airlines and their operational continuity challenges in a highly unstable and high-cost environment. The objective of the study is to identify scenarios that can lead commercial aviation companies to bankruptcy, as has already occurred in Brazil, and to understand that planning of costs and expenses that permeate the business, associated with strategies to better manage them, is indispensable to the operational continuity and the sustainability of a company. It may be said that commercial aviation, until the 80s, was more elite, and the standards of companies more luxurious. As technology has advanced and the air transportation has became more accessible, those standards has suffered changes and companies’ strategies have had to keep up with those changes. Thus, business models with different strategy perks were adopted. However, the sector went through unexpected scenarios and factors that led some companies to bankruptcy. It is the case, for example, of Avianca, which recently, due to poor financial management, accumulated debts and declared bankruptcy. It is necessary, therefore, to highlight the importance of good management and the knowledge about its costs, expenses and revenue that a company must seek, topics addressed in this study. In order to fulfill the proposed objective, a basic nature study with qualitative approach was chosen, using as methodological resources bibliographical researches consistent with consultation in books, articles and other materials. It is expected that, in the end, this research will add knowledge about the theme, alerting to the necessity of good strategic management in the air sector.