A securitização do fundamentalismo islâmico na França após os atentados de Paris: do estado de emergência (2015-2019) à islamofobia

Abstract

The present monograph work aims to examine the securitization of Islamic fundamentalism in France in 2015 after the terrorist attack in greater Paris. The research is based on the use of qualitative methods through bibliographic reviews and case study. From the implementation of the state of emergency in France, whose measures were intended for acts of terrorism within the territory, the social impacts on French Muslims are analyzed. In view of the theory of securitization, the procedures used by the French government for adopting extraordinary measures against Islamic fundamentalism within the country are evidenced. In addition, an investigation into terrorism within French territory is carried out between 2001 and 2019, the purpose of which is to identify the main actors and methods used in terrorist attacks. Islamophobia within French territory is also assessed in a period of 2003-2019, through reports from the Collectif contre l'islamophobie en France. The main modalities of Islamophobia perpetrated against Muslim groups stand out through these documents. Through reports it is possible to highlight the relationship between Islamophobia and the securitization of Islamic fundamentalism. Thus, it examines the intensification of Islamophobic acts arising from the securitization process, represented by the implementation of the state of emergency, after the attacks of November 13, 2015. In addition, it is observed that the securitization of Islamic fundamentalism has impacted the lifestyle of French Muslims and the way these groups integrate into the community, especially with regard to access to jobs, education and leisure.