Terapias não farmacológicas no tratamento complementar de pacientes portadores da Doença de Parkinson

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that compromise functionality and ability to perform daily activities. Given the long and progressive course of PD, the lack of disease-modifying therapies, and the incomplete benefits of prescription drugs, the search for non-pharmacological measures has increased, justifying their adherence to alternative therapies such as acupuncture, music therapy and Yoga The aim of this study was to address the main effects of acupuncture, music therapy and yoga, in the auxiliary treatment of patients with PD, highlighting its benefits to improve patients' quality of life. It is a systematic review of the literature. The research included randomized controlled clinical trials on the use of therapies: acupuncture, yoga and music therapy in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline / Pubmed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) electronic databases, published between 2015 and 2019. The following multiple combination DeCSs are used: Parkinson; Parkinson's disease; Music therapy; Yoga; Acupuncture, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The authors independently found 85 potentially relevant articles for analysis by searching the studies in the three electronic databases used. The relevance of the studies was determined from methodological criteria provided by Cochrane Central. After the analysis of the works, 66 articles were excluded, based on the eligibility criteria. We included 19 articles on randomized controlled trials. Most randomized clinical trials independently demonstrated that yoga, music therapy and acupuncture improved cognition, balance, functional mobility, acquisition of motor skills, performance in daily activities and consequently the quality of life of patients. PD patients. Significant evidence of the benefits of yoga, acupuncture and music therapy in the treatment of PD patients compared to control groups was found in most of the parameters evaluated. However, there is a lack of high accuracy randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of these therapies in patients with PD, in order to contribute to the consolidation of complementary therapies in neurodegenerative diseases, often limited to drug interventions.