Estados, soberania e os curdos na guerra civil da Síria

Abstract

The objective of this monograph is, from the debate on the concept of State and sovereignty and the case of Syria, to understand the impact of the Kurdish rebellion in the context of the civil war in the country (2011-). A case study will be developed that has as its perspective fundamental concepts of International Relations: sovereignty, the State and the autonomy. The presentation of the concepts that will guide the work will be followed by a historical contextualization of the Kurdish nationalist movement in the Middle East, focusing on the development of autonomous groups in regions north of Syria and, later, the policies adopted by Bashar al-Assad in the face of “Kurdish question”. With this, it will be possible to understand the acts arising from the rebellion and Kurdish autonomy in part of Syria to the sovereignty of the Syrian State, especially in the circumstances of the civil war that has dragged on since 2011. through religious sectarianism, they form the context of the war in vogue, reality where the Kurds, seeking priority in a hostile environment, gained control of the Rojava region. The difficulties imposed in the construction of the Syrian nation-state are perceived both by its deeply fragile structure resulting from successive conflicts for protagonism in the political scene and military coups, as by the artificial process of homogenization of the population that resides in Syrian territories under the banner of Arabism and the Baath ideology of ethnolinguistic homogenization.