PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA Repositório Acadêmico da Graduação (RAG) TCC Medicina
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Campo DCValorIdioma
dc.creatorSilveira, Lucas Menezes-
dc.creatorCoutinho, André Antunes-
dc.date.accessioned2021-12-16T02:46:08Z-
dc.date.available2021-12-16T02:46:08Z-
dc.date.issued2020-04-20-
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/3008-
dc.description.abstractObjective: To address the main immunological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis, emphasizing neuroinflammation and current therapeutic interventions. Methodology: This is a narrative bibliographic review, using the databases: Capes Periodicals, Virtual Health Library and Pubmed. 55 articles published in the period from 2004 to 2019 were included. Results: The etiopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis involves genetic, immunological and environmental factors, which together induce processes of breaking down immune self-tolerance, neuronal injury, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Neuroinflammation can be initiated by specific or foreign antigens that are exposed to leukocytes in the central nervous system. Peripheral leukocytes, especially monocytes and T and B lymphocytes, can infiltrate the nervous system due to changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability and, together with microglia, have an important role in inducing demyelinating lesions. Neurodegeneration can generate more antigenic stimuli. There are currently 17 immunomodulatory drugs approved by the Food and Drugs Administration for the treatment of the disease, but several studies are being carried out, aiming at new therapeutic approaches. Conclusion: The etiology of Multiple Sclerosis remains unknown, although current studies suggest theories about possible triggers, extrinsic and intrinsic of autoimmunity in the disease and neuroinflammation itself, the latter being an important factor inducing tissue injury and perpetuating the disease. The identification of target antigens recognized by resident T and B lymphocytes and by microglia, together with the characterization of soluble inflammatory mediators is essential to elucidate the disease's etiopathogeny and suggest new therapeutic proposals.pt_BR
dc.description.sponsorshipNão recebi financiamentopt_BR
dc.languageporpt_BR
dc.publisherPontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiáspt_BR
dc.relationRecursos dos próprios autores.pt_BR
dc.rightsAcesso Abertopt_BR
dc.subjectEsclerose múltiplapt_BR
dc.subjectNeuroinflamaçãopt_BR
dc.subjectEtiopatogeniapt_BR
dc.subjectAutoimunidadept_BR
dc.titleEsclerose múltipla: uma abordagem imunológicapt_BR
dc.title.alternativeMultiple sclerosis: an immunological approachpt_BR
dc.typeTrabalho de Conclusão de Cursopt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Rocha Sobrinho, Hermínio Maurício da-
dc.contributor.advisor1IDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7521-3700pt_BR
dc.contributor.advisor1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5573574130526137pt_BR
dc.contributor.referee1Rocha Sobrinho, Hermínio Maurício da-
dc.contributor.referee1Latteshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5573574130526137pt_BR
dc.description.resumoObjetivo: Abordar os principais mecanismos imunológicos envolvidos na patogenia da Esclerose Múltipla dando ênfase à neuroinflamação e às intervenções terapêuticas atuais. Métodos: Trata se de uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa, utilizando se as bases de dados: Periódicos da Capes, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Pubmed. Foram incluídos 55 artigos publicados no período de 2004 a 2019. Resultados: A etiopatogenia da Esclerose Múltipla envolve fatores genéticos, imunológicos e ambientais, que em conjunto, induzem processos de quebra da autotolerância imunológica, lesão neuronal, neuroinflamação e neurodegeneração. A neuroinflamação pode ser iniciada por antígenos próprios ou estranhos que são expostos aos leucócitos do sistema nervoso central. Leucócitos periféricos, especialmente, monócitos e linfócitos T e B, podem se infiltrar no sistema nervoso devido a alteração da permeabilidade da barreira hematoencefálica e, juntamente com a micróglia, possuem importante papel na indução de lesões desmielinizantes. A neurodegeneração pode gerar mais estímulos antigênicos. Atualmente existem 17 drogas imunomoduladoras aprovadas pela Food and Drugs Administration para o tratamento da doença, mas diversos estudos estão sendo realizados, visando novas abordagens terapêuticas. Conclusão: A etiologia da Esclerose Múltipla mantem-se uma incógnita, apesar de estudos atuais apontarem teorias sobre possíveis desencadeadores, extrínsecos e intrínsecos da autoimunidade na doença e da própria neuroinflamação, sendo a última um importante fator indutor da lesão tecidual e perpetuador da doença. A identificação de antígenos alvo reconhecidos por linfócitos T e B residentes e pelas micróglias, juntamente com a caracterização de mediadores inflamatórios solúveis é fundamental para elucidar a etiopatogenia da doença e sugerir novas propostas terapêuticas.pt_BR
dc.publisher.countryBrasilpt_BR
dc.publisher.departmentEscola de Ciências Médicas, Farmacêuticas e Biomédicaspt_BR
dc.publisher.initialsPUC Goiáspt_BR
dc.subject.cnpqCNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA::CLINICA MEDICA::NEUROLOGIApt_BR
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dc.degree.graduationMedicina-
dc.degree.levelGraduação-
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