Covid-19 e lesão renal aguda: associações e desfechos

Abstract

Objectives: To study the risk factors associated with AKI in patients with COVID-19, need for Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) and related outcomes. Methodology: Integrative literature review and meta-analysis. Search of bibliographic references in Embase, Medline and Lilacs databases through Pubmed and Scielo, in the period 2019 to 2021. The data were combined with application of the mixed generalized linear model, the following tests were applied: chi-square (Chi²), Tau² and I². Results: A total of 78 articles were included in the study. 59.4% male, with a mean age of 60.9 years. Hypertension (42%), obesity (29%), diabetes mellitus (24%), cardiovascular disease (13%), respiratory and renal disease (8%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Of the total of 77094 patients, 15603 developed AKI, with a prevalence of 25% (95% CI, 19.0–31.0%), noting a significant heterogeneity, with the index I²= 0.99. As for data on the use of RRT, 57% of the sample required treatment and regarding the outcome, the main one was death, in 59% of the sample. Conclusion: Comorbidities overlap the COVID-19 infectious picture. The prognosis of patients who required RRT due to AKI was unfavorable, 7% of those who survived remained with sequelae requiring RRT for a long time. Knowing the determinant factors of the disease has a direct impact on the use of hospital resources and reduces the incidence of complications and