Construção de uma mini plotter artesanal para desenho

Abstract

This course conclusion work presents the use of a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) and the construction of a handcrafted mini plotter prototype for creating computerized drawings. These types of machine tools are intended for use in more accurate drawing work, which greatly facilitates the work that would previously be done in a craft and artistic way. The machine tool in question will be divided as to its development in hardware components and software components. The hardware components are described in order to present their construction and the electrical system used. To serve as a frame, the CNC plotter is built from reused parts of a computer, using two CD-ROM drivers and a floppy disk driver, as well as the use of an Arduino Uno microcontroller, with CNC expansion Shield V3, and the motors of these three drivers. For the software components we opted for open-source programs for better data manipulation, so the firmware UGS (Universal G-code Sender) and Inkscape are of paramount importance for manipulating graphic designs for sending in the shield. The proposed equipment has a mechanical movement system with three axes (X, Y and Z). The machine movement will be executed through commands generated from files in the G-code format, which is a translation for the CNC machine. For this purpose, the GRBL firmware is allocated in the Arduino Uno's memory, making the connection to the computer through the USB connection, and this will serve as an interpreter and translator for shield, which after receiving the G-code file will send it to the CNC Shield and perform the movements on the axes causing the machine to draw as specified when creating the drawing. The results obtained are in line with what was proposed, as the prototype worked as specified in the work.