Polimorfismos genéticos do gene SIRT1 e risco para obesidade pediátrica

Abstract

The worldwide prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has increased considerably and is considered an important public health problem. A multifactorial disease whose constant increase is associated with the interaction of several etiological factors. Different genetic polymorphisms have been associated with obesity risk. The SIRT1 protein is part of a group of proteins with an important endocrine action in the metabolism of glucose and lipids. The altered expression of the protein leads to impairment in the metabolic pathways, which results in the ineffectiveness of the control of lipid metabolism, generating a predisposition to weight gain. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between pediatric obesity and the rs33957861 and rs1467568 polymorphisms of the SIRT1 gene. A case-control study was accomplished with 225 children and adolescents, 123 obese (case) and 102 eutrophic (control), aged between 5 and 16 years. Peripheral blood samples were collected for genotyping using TaqMan probes and real-time PCR technology. Multiple regression analysis revealed that fathers and mothers with higher BMI have children with higher Z-BMI and 45% of the variability of Z-BMI was explained by the variables BMI mother and BMI father. The presence of the G risk allele of the rs1467568 polymorphism was associated with risk of obesity susceptibility. On the other hand, the risk allele for the rs33957861 polymorphism was not associated with pediatric obesity. The rs1467568 polymorphism of the SIRT1 gene can be considered a good marker for pediatric obesity. Further studies with larger pediatric populations and this polymorphic variant are needed to confirm the impact of this polymorphism on obesity susceptibility.