Falhas de comunicação entre pilotos e controladores com fonia em inglês: causas e possíveis soluções

Abstract

This study focuses on communication failures between pilots and air traffic controllers with English speaking voice, observing their causes and possible solutions for these failures. The objective of the research is to verify the reality of these complications, that is to say, if they are still present in international operations, caused by the deficient communication in English, that some of them have already resulted in air accidents and incidents, in addition to reinforcing with the aeronautical community, especially to pilots, the importance of proficiency in this language. To achieve the proposed objective, the methodology adopted in the study was qualitative, with documentary and bibliographic procedures. It was found that in the three accidents and in one incident covered in the research, there were communication failures between the pilots and controllers that contributed to the events and, in some of these accidents, there was only one crew member fluent in the English language. In order to minimize communication problems in this language, the ICAO has established guidelines for proof of proficiency that prove proficiency in the language. However, it was verified with experienced evaluators that the ICAO level 4, required for international operations, is not sufficient to guarantee the safety of the flight when the operations involve an emergency. Thus, the study confirmed that in fact there is poor communication in the English language, observed even after the institution of language proficiency tests by ICAO, considering the incident involving communication failures with ICAO level 4 pilots of English language proficiency. It was also possible to verify that the use of data link communication technology, in this case CPDLC, is a resource to reduce complications in communication between pilots and flight controllers.