Estilos parentais e o desenvolvimento socioemocional infanto-juvenil: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Parenting styles are broad patterns of interaction between caregivers and children and express the emotional, normative, and communicational climate present in family relationships. This study aimed to analyze, through an integrative literature review, the relationships between parenting styles and socioemotional development in childhood and adolescence. This is a qualitative study developed through an integrative review, with searches conducted in the first semester of 2026 in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PubMed, and CAPES Journal Portal. Descriptors in Portuguese and English related to parenting styles, child development, socioemotional development, and parent-child relations were used. After identifying 78 studies, applying filters, screening titles and abstracts, assessing eligibility, and reading full texts, 10 articles composed the final sample. The findings indicated that the authoritative parenting style, characterized by a balance between affection, responsiveness, communication, and consistent limit-setting, is associated with better indicators of emotional regulation, social skills, self-esteem, prosocial behavior, and school adjustment. In contrast, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful styles appear to be linked to greater emotional vulnerability, interpersonal difficulties, and behavioral problems. It is concluded that parenting styles are relevant factors for socioemotional development and should be considered in psychological interventions, school actions, policies aimed at strengthening family bonds, and parenting guidance programs.