A atuação do biomédico na interface das ciências forense: Uma análise entre toxicologia analítica, genética molecular e microbiologia

Abstract

Forensic sciences are an interdisciplinary set that associates the scientific principles of biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics aimed at supporting investigations related to civil and criminal justice, where the area of expertise is relevant, with the biomedical having an important role in carrying out laboratory tests, especially at the interface of analytical toxicology, molecular genetics and microbiology, detecting and clarifying situations of poisoning in fluids from biological traces collected at crime scenes or samples from victims. . The objective of this work is to identify and update the actions of the Biomedicine professional in the elucidation of crimes in the reported interface and to provide appreciation in the labor market as an assistant to justice, through a bibliographic review with searches in electronic data in Scielo, PubMed and Google Scholar, between the years 2011 and 2026. Biological analyses require rigorous technical knowledge and methodological standardization, and can be decisive in cases of intentional, accidental or criminal poisoning, leading or not to death, where the knowledge and applications of the areas of toxicology, genetics and microbiology generate expert evidence with precision and safety, through various types of laboratory tests. As a conclusion, it was found that the biomedical is one of the important professionals in the criminal forensic area capable of diagnosing, releasing, conducting and recording possible and possible results for justice, being an effective support for forensic sciences.