A globalização financeira e os impactos da crise de 2008 para os países emergentes: o Brasil da deflagração da crise à gestão Rousseff (2010-2016)

Abstract

Over the past few decades, the capitalist system has shown several flaws in its mode of operation. These failures have become even more evident, especially with the adoption of neoliberal policies since the 1980s, concomitant with the promotion of financial globalization, which has intensified between the decades of 1990 and the 2000’s. The 2008 American housing crisis has shown how the phenomenon has transformed not only the current financial system, given the extent of the economic impacts, but also the global markets in general. Therefore, the current work proposes to analyze the consequences of the 2008 crisis for emerging markets, with a focus on Brazil. It is essential to understand Brazil's national arrangement, through the government plans and monetary policies of Lula and Dilma Rousseff, since the outbreak of the crisis to 2016, investigating how the international arrangement impacted the domestic political, economic and social scope. The research is mostly based on quantitative data, and it uses primary from secondary sources, such as books and articles that discuss that context. At first, Brazil faced the crisis with countercyclical policies, summarized in monetary, fiscal and credit measures, as will be discussed later. As of Rousseff's mandate, the country tried to continue the same process, however it was necessary to reformulate the economic guidelines that became known as the New Economic Matrix. These political and economic choices were the main consequences of the crisis and its unfolding in Brazil.