Impacto dos fatores humanos no desempenho de pilotos de aeronaves

Abstract

Human factors play a fundamental role in the behavior and performance of aircraft pilots, given that the civil aviation environment is characterized by high technical, professional, and emotional demands. Working in the cockpit exposes these professionals to constant pressure situations, in which psychological factors can directly influence the safety of air operations and the mental health of pilots. Among these factors, stress, anxiety, and fatigue stand out, affecting concentration, decision-making, and the ability to respond in critical situations. This article aims to analyze the relationship between psychological factors and pilot performance during flight operations, as well as to assess how emotional and communication skills impact decision-making in adverse scenarios. It also seeks to propose recommendations for the training and development of these professionals, focusing on promoting mental health and reducing operational errors. The methodology adopted consists of a systematic literature review, based on the analysis of scientific publications and specialized journals in the field of civil aviation and human factors. This approach allows for the gathering of consolidated contributions, the definition of fundamental technical concepts, and an understanding of the main challenges faced by the sector. The rationale for this study is based on the need for pilot training practices that consider not only technical aspects, but also non-technical skills such as communication, stress management, and emotional resilience. Strengthening these skills contributes to creating a safer, more efficient, and reliable operational environment.