Hiperplasia nodular complexa em baço de cão: relato de caso

Abstract

Nodular hyperplasia in the spleen of dogs consists of a proliferative lesion of cells, resulting in well-defined single or multiple nodules of benign, non-neoplastic nature in organs or tissues. It is a very common disease, mainly observed in middle-aged to older dogs, with no predilection for breed or sex, and may be asymptomatic depending on the location and size of the nodule, which is usually found incidentally in imaging exams or necropsy. The objective of this work is to report the case of a dog that presented a splenic tumor of approximately 6.0 cm in length, thus highlighting the importance of performing a biopsy. Therefore, the patient underwent a total splenectomy, where the histopathological report identified a picture compatible with complex nodular hyperplasia, characterized by mixed proliferation of lymphocytes in different stages of maturation associated with aggregates of epithelioid histiocytes, a condition that generally has a favorable prognosis. The procedure was uneventful, and the patient is under follow-up. Although it is not a malignant or metastatic lesion, surgical intervention is important because it ensures a definitive diagnosis and avoids associated complications, such as ruptured blood vessels, which can result in hemorrhages.