https://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/40 2026-09-23T01:53:23Z https://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/11071 Título: Educação ambiental em espaços de educação não formal: uma revisão integrativa sobre suas diferentes formas de abordagem Abstract: Environmental Education (EE) emerges as a necessary response to the civilizational crisis installed by the hegemonic development model, which results in the accelerated degradation of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In the Brazilian context, EE is an essential and permanent component of national education, encompassing formal and non-formal dimensions. This research takes as its object of study the approach to Aquatic Biology contents in Non-Formal Education Spaces (NFES), understanding them as living and dynamic environments that allow the integration of science into daily life. The problematization lies in the realization that, although EE has become universal, academic research still privileges the school context, with a significant gap in how educational actions occur and are recorded in non-formal environments, especially regarding aquatic biodiversity. Furthermore, the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) has been criticized for a superficial and naturalistic approach, which reinforces the need to compile data on transformative practices outside school walls. The general objective of this research is to analyze, through a literature review, how Aquatic Biology contents are approached in different levels of teaching and types of educational spaces. The methodological procedures consist of a narrative and systematic review of the literature, carried out in databases such as SciELO, Scopus, and the CAPES Thesis and Dissertation Database. The step-by-step includes: 1) Search for combined descriptors (e.g., "Aquatic biodiversity" and "Non-formal spaces"); 2) Systematic selection through reading titles and abstracts; 3) Full reading of the selected articles for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results include mapping the most effective active methodologies, identifying successful experience reports in aquariums, museums, and rivers, and proposing guidelines that assist teacher training to work in these spaces, promoting scientific literacy and socio-environmental engagement. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-06-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/11070 Título: Análise dos impactos antropogênicos sofridos por espécies de cetáceos que ocorrem no litoral do Brasil Abstract: Cetaceans are essential indicators of marine ecosystem health, responding sensitively to changes caused by human activities. In Brazil, where 49 species are recorded, many face vulnerability due to interactions with fishing, pollution, and vessel traffic. This study conducted a quantitative and qualitative analysis of anthropogenic impacts on cetaceans along the Brazilian coast between 2020 and 2025, using secondary data from the Aquatic Biota Monitoring Information System (SIMBA). A total of 7,261 stranding records were analyzed, with the highest concentrations in the states of São Paulo, Santa Catarina, and Rio de Janeiro, reflecting both the ecological productivity of these regions and the intensity of monitoring efforts. The franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) and the Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) were the most frequent species, totaling 5,742 records, corresponding to 79% of the records analyzed records. Fishing interaction was identified as the primary anthropogenic impact vector, accounting for at least 1,499 records. The applied Vulnerability Index (VI) classified the franciscana and the Guiana dolphin as having "Very High" vulnerability, showing that proximity to urban areas and fishing zones drastically increases the risk for these populations. The study concludes that, although stranding records are fundamental for management, they represent only a fraction of the actual mortality occurring at sea, emphasizing the urgent need for public policies that restrict the use of gillnets in breeding and feeding areas. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/10279 Título: Caracterização das propriedades e do espectro polínico de mel de abelhas Jataí (Tetragonisca angustula) proveniente de área antropizada urbana no contexto do bioma cerrado Abstract: The Cerrado, the second largest biome in South America, is located in a part of the Brazilian central, has rich biodiversity, and has been experiencing increasing human pressure. The Cerrado biome has a diverse fauna of stingless bees that play a crucial ecological role due to their function as pollinators. Among them, the Jataí bee (Tetragonisca angustula), a small-sized bee common in Cerrado environments, stands out for its wide distribution and generalist behavior. Considering the ecological importance of the species and its influence on the urbanized context of the biome. The present study aimed to identify the physical properties and pollen spectrum of honey from Tetragonisca angustula originating from an anthropized area of the Cerrado biome. To achieve this objective, a honey sample was collected from a Tetragonisca angustula hive located at the Instituto do Tropico Subúmido on campus 2 of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás. The collected material was prepared according to classical melissopalynology protocols, which involved physicochemical treatment for the concentration of pollen grains. Slide preparation and microscopic analysis were carried out for pollen identification. Considering the morphological criteria and the relative frequency of pollen types, the sample was evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively in order to obtain the identification of the palynomorphs. In addition, the physical characteristics of the sample, such as color, aroma, and viscosity, were also identified. The results revealed 8 pollen types in the 8 honey slides analyzed, with the Andira and Arecaceae types being the most representative of the sample, accounting for 90.6% of all the slides analyzed, making it possible to classify the honey as monofloral tending towards bifloral. Other pollen types with lower presence, such as Mimosa (5.58%) and Smilax (2.53%), reinforce the generalist character of the species. The analyzed honey reflects the importance of T. angustula in areas with a strong human presence in the biome, as they perform important pollination work, maintaining the functioning of fragmented areas of the biome. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-12-15T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.pucgoias.edu.br/jspui/handle/123456789/10272 Título: Inventário florestal e palinológico em sítio arqueológico do Brasil central Abstract: Archaeological sites face significant threats due to the expansion of agriculture and livestock farming over the Cerrado, now restricted to narrow strips of remaining vegetation. Palynological research provides a systemic view of plant diversity and contributes to the analysis of anthropogenic processes. Forest inventories combined with the characterization of pollen spectra in regions containing archaeological sites are essential for the conservation of native vegetation and the protection of shelters. This study aimed to conduct palynological identification and a forest inventory in the area of an archaeological site in the Serranópolis region, in southwestern Goiás. It sought to understand the relationship between native vegetation and the current anthropization of the area surrounding the site. In the forest inventory, 174 trees were measured, distributed across 21 families, totaling 38 species. In the palynological survey, 600 pollen types were recorded, belonging to 14 botanical families. The families Fabaceae and Malvaceae were found in both the pollen rain samples and the forest inventory; 11 pollen types/botanical families were detected exclusively in the pollen rain, whereas 18 families were identified solely through the forest inventory. Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso 2025-12-11T00:00:00Z